According to the United Nations "World Investment Report 2023", despite heavy blockades, Syria's foreign direct investment stock in 2022 will still be US$10.7 billion.
Among them, 75.8% of the funds came from Russia, mainly flowing into the power, telecommunications and financial industries.
But after 2022, Russia itself was mired in the Ukrainian war and its finances were stretched; in , the total amount of the two loans provided by Russia to Syria dropped to US$1 billion.
After the collapse of the country's economic order, in addition australia phone number list to his father's inheritance, the drug trade became one of the important sources of income for the Assad government.
According to Niu Xinchun, executive director of the Institute of ChinaArab Countries at Ningxia University, Syria has become the world's largest drug producer and exporter since 2011.
By 2022, fenetylline from Syria is worth about $57 billion, accounting for 80% of the global supply and generating more than 90% of the government's foreign exchange revenue.
One of the routes is out of Syria, through Jordan, to other Gulf oilproducing countries.